Color photography



Patented June 19, 1928.

WELIAM v. D. KELLEY, OF JERSEY CITY, AND DOMINICK TRONOLONE, `Ol' FORT LEE,

I 1,614,174 j UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNORS T0 KELLEY COLOR LABORATORY, INC., 0F PALISADE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

coLoB. vrrro''rocaarmn This; invention relates to color-photography and particularly has refe-rence to the production of a plurality of colored registered images in a single coating on atransparent carrier.

Heretofore quite a few processeshave been proposed for forming what is known as a color-photograph, that is, a photograph which exhibits an image of a subject wherein a color appears in kind and,

position corresponding to the coloring of the subject.

For making colored photographic motion picture film it has heretofore been proposed to form two registered superimposed images in the same picture space, one being formed 0f one color and the other being formed of a substantially complementary color. It has heretofore been proposed to secure one of the colors by a toning process and the other byA a Adyeing process or both by a dyeing process.

The principal object of applicants invention is to provide a process by which at least superimposed images in the same picture space, in a single coating on one s1de only of a carrier may be obtained by methods which involves the toning of two images without degradation of either.

Other objects and advantages will appear as the description of a particular manipulation involving the novel features of lapplicantsl invention progresses and the novel features will be particularly pointed out in.the appended claims.

In describing the invention in detail and the particular physical product selected to illustrate the invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawing wherein we have illustrated a particular preferred physical product resulting from the practice of our invention, and wherein like characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which:

Figure 1 illustrates a red color selection negative; Fig. 2, illustrates positive stock upon which the finished colored images are to appear; Fig. 3, illustrates the blue-green color selection negative; Fig. 4, 'illustrates the printing of the first image; Fig. 5, illustrates the positive stock carrying the developed first image; Fig. 6, illustrates the printing of the Y developed ima es second image after toning the first; Fig. 7 illustrates the positive stock carrying both Fig. 8, illustrates a modified form of nal product. n

In order to carryl out applicants process it will be necessary to secure two images'one representative of one color in a subject and the other representative` of a substantially complementary color of the subject. These images of course must be suitable to be usedv as negatives and in the further description of this process will be referred to as negatives. One will be designated the blue-green negative and the other the .red negative. There are many ways of securing these negatives well known to those skilled in this art and as applicants process does not depend upon the particular methods used for securing the negatives no particular manner`of securing them will be described and pointed out. The red color Aselection negative is illustrated by Fig. 1,

in which Lis the transparent'carrier and 2 'the image carrying colloid. The bluegreen color selection negative is illustrated by Fig. 3, in which 4 is the transparent carrier and 5 the image carrying colloid.

Having secured the negatives, one is placed in contact with the back of a transparent support carrying a single emulsion coating. If motion pictures are being dealt with, then the negative would be placed in contact with the Celluloid, thaty is, in contact with the uncoated side of the iilm and further, -ordinary motion picture stock film would be used, it being unnecessary to use any dye in the emulsion to act as a light retardant. This is illustratedl by Fig. 4, in which 6 is the positive stock carrier and 7 the sensitized emulsion or colloid. The 'negative having been placed in contact with the back of the film a printing light 12. Fig. 4, is then allowed to shine therethrough and a latent image formed in the emulsion coating. ln thus forming a latent image in the emulsion coating care is taken to so regulate the intensity of the printing light and the time of-printing so that if posslble the light sensitive material in the emulsion which will be acted upon, will be substantially only that positioned in substantially the lower thickness of the emulsion coating. After the printing with. one negative through' the back of the carrier the latent image is developed for about three minutes. The particular developing bath cons'idered b vapplicants tov be most eiicacious 1n ena lin them to sezure the desired result woul be neutral or acid and. would be made upasfollows:

vDiamidophenol Sodium sulphite Potassium bromide Potassium iodide 10% so1ution 1 W8.6l

The developed image is illustrated by Fig.' 5, in which 8` deslgnates the developed ima e. l

A er developing, the print should be washed for 5 minutes, then if the image is to be formedv as blue-green image, the print should be placed in what we 'term the color forming' bath. A satisfactory color forming bath to develo a blue-green in the image 1s formed as fol ows: v

minutes and then washed for five minutes.

After the rint has been washed it should be cleared. he applicants allow the clearing bath to act for ten minutesand find' that a suitablepclearing bath wouldfbe as follows;

Ammonium bromide.l 12 g. Potassium bichromate 12 g. Water.; 2 l. l

` After the printhas been cleared it should I ,'be washed for tenminutes and dried.' This drying must of course take place in the dark, 01min a `roomillminated by a light having no effect upon the light sensitivel material in the emulsion, that is, in most cases with a ruby light.

' After the print has been dried a second latent;- imageis then 4to be formed in vthel emulsion coating. This second latent image is to be formed by printing from the other negative byfplacing the same in contact with the emulsion and allowing afprinting light 13, Fig. 6, to shine'therethrough. The intensity of theprinting light and the time of printlng will be preferably so regulated that .the Acolor image formed by further manipu,

lation resulting will be substantially complementary to the first color4 formed. This 'isl illustrated by Fig. 6. After the latent image is formed in the emulsion it is laced in the develo ing bath hereinbefore escribed and deve oped' for three minutes, resultin v in that/illustrated@ in Fig.- 7, in which 9 esignates the second the fixing bath an is remo-ved.

image, after which it is washed forl five minutes and then placed in a bath that hardens the gelatine in the vicinityof the silver in proportion tothe amount of silver forming the image. Several bathsare available ofwhich the following two may be given 'as Bathe for 5 minutes and remove stains `in a.

one percent solution of potassium metabi- The Hlm is then placed in such dyes as will hold tenaciousl to hardened gelatine but willv .be washe -out of the soft gelatine. Two such dyes are serichrome blue and wool orange A, 'both of\the dyes being vclassed under triphenlymethane and diphenylnaphthylmethane coloring matters. many dyes suitable for the urpose buta mixture of the above two wi l give a color complementary to the blue-green tone. l

The Adye is used in a weak solution of about one gramme to the liter. Upon clearing-the dye from the'white rtions the lm is dried, thus completin lt e formation of the color photograph. hat is, a 'transparent carrier Having a coating on one side only 'sulphite when using I and bathe for 15 minv There are v and in that coating in the same picture area two registered super-imposed, substantially complementary colored images. Y

The action of the bleach 'used to prepare the gelatine for selectivel absorbing the dyes is substantially a sur ace one. It appears also that the blue tone image is o f such -great hardness that no dye lis. absorbed by it even without'the top protectin image.

The result of using the bleach` 'n t is form is that any silver'reduced in the second de velopment is' chan ed to a salt soluble We have not -found it possible to use any sort of metallic tonin bath 'for theffirst image that vwill so t oroughly tonel the image that no silver will be reduced dlirin second development. The amount reduc isismall yet when we use any kind of tonla'o I ing bath for the .top image, this bath will also tone .the small amount-of reduced sil- 'ver referred to above which is to be found in the bottom image.- This therefore, causes degradation. For example, if the :bottom image is toned green-blue using iron as the medium, then upon second development, necessary for obtaining the top image' (or second image) some silver is turned to metallic silver whichupon being placed in any mordanting or toning bath which' gives color directly or indirectly is altered to that color and is mixed in with the blue or blue-green. Nearly all toning baths and all mordanting baths intensify so that this small amount of silver becomes a very important factor.

This new system does n ot attempt to produce color directly by toning with metallic salts for the second image but is of a nature that removes any poszibilit'y of degrading the bottom image. The silver is removed entirely from the film and merely acts to place the gelatine in condition to hold the dye in the place formerly occupied by the silver. It differs from the pinatype or koda.-

chrome system in both of which the dyes go into the soft gelatine and in which dyes are selected having that peculiar property.

Although we have herein stated that one image is formed in the coating by printing with one negative applied to the back of the final 'product film and' stated that the otherV image may be formed by applying f the other negative to the fabe or emulsion coated side of the final product film, nevertheless, we desire to have it understood that we have found that We. may make both images in the emulsion of the final product film by applying first one negative to the face or emulsion coated side of the final product film and then after treating that image as hereinbe-A fore described we may form the other image by likewise placing the other negative in contact with the face or emulsion coated side of the'final product film and then treating as hereinbefore^ described.' This is illustrated for printing from the face by Fig. 8, in which 10 is one image and 11 is the other. We make particular mention of this matter because it is believed that applicants have devised the first process whereby may be made a color photographic picture film having two registered superimposed images in the same picture space, one being formed of one color and the other being formed of4 a substantially complementary color which may be carried out by doing all printing from the face or emulsion coated side of the final product film. v l

Although applicants have illustrated the principle of their invention by describing the steps of a novel process which results in a novelproduct, nevertheless, it is to be understood that thevparticular manipulation described and the roduct formed does not exhaust the poZsib e expressions of applicants process and the tangible products to be thereby produced.

Whatwe claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States l. A process for producing a 4colored photograph which consists in first forming an image in substantially one section of a coating and then toning the image to a given color and without fixing, forminga second image in the same coating in a substantially different section of the coating and then rendering the colloid surrounding the reduced, light, sensitive salt of the second ima-ge receptive to an acid or azo dye and then dyeing toa color substantially complementary to the color of the 4first image.'

2. The process of producing two superimposed images in the same picture space in the same colloid layer which consists in first printing from a negative then developing in a non-alkaline developing bath and after coloring with a metallic'tone, halogenizing and again printing from another negative and developing in a neutral or acid developing bath. i

3. As a step-in the process of producing a photograph having two superimposed registered images in thel same picture space in a single colloid layer the development of a latent image formed therein after the production of a metallic toned colored image by the use of a developer which may be used in non-alkaline solution. l

4. As an vintermediate vstep in a color photographic process .the production of an image in a colloid layer by printing from anegative development by a developer usable in noli-alkaline solution and toning byl a solution containing a metallic salt.

5. As an"intermediate step in a color y solution containing a ferrie salt.

WILLIAM v. D. KELLEY.

DOMINICK TRONOLONE. 

